Judy Garland and Terry the Cairn Terrier, on the set of the 1939 Wizard of Oz
“Toto” is one of the most loved small dogs in movies and books. But what breed was Dorothy’s faithful sidekick? In the 1939 movie The Wizard of Oz, the part of Toto is played by a Cairn Terrier. The dog’s breed is never mentioned in the original Oz books; however, based on the illustrations, it looks like Toto definitely started out as a Yorkie.
Toto in the original books
Most of us first remember Toto from the 1939 movie The Wizard of Oz. However this movie was based quite closely on a children’s book classic of the same name, published in 1900.
The original editions of the wildly popular book were illustrated by W. W. Denslow who drew Toto as a terrier – but was it a Cairn Terrier or a Yorkshire Terrier?
The book’s artist, Winslow owned a Yorkie himself
Scholars of the Wizard of Oz books (yes there are many!) feel that L. Frank Baum, the author, meant for Toto to be a mongrel. The book does not distinctively mention Toto’s breed, but the dog is is described as “a little black dog, with long, silky hair and small black eyes that twinkled merrily on either side of his funny, wee nose.”
Denslow himself owned a Yorkshire Terrier, and when you look closely at the drawings you can certainly see “Yorkie” all over them!
Toto’s role
In the movie, Toto (which means “to make whole”) holds the plot together: he’s the loyal and brave pet who starts the journey and who travels with her while keeping the plot moving.
(Dorothy’s conflict with Miss Gulch was focused on Toto, and the reason Dorothy was caught in the storm. And don’t forget that in the movie, it was Toto who pulled back the curtain, revealing the Great Oz to be a sham. )
It’s also interesting that Toto is the only dog in the Wizard of Oz books who does not speak.
The 1939 Movie The Wizard of Oz
Metro Goldwyn Mayer made the story into the now classic movie The Wizard of Oz (1939) starring Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale. It was the first full length film in colour and is still aired at least once a year on TV stations around the world. Its rich imagery and symbolism, and the quest allegory keep it fresh.
The part of Toto was played by a 6-year-old female Cairn Terrier called Terry 
(renamed Totoin real life after the popularity of the movie). Terry was a veteran film star, and appeared in 13 movies during her lifetime, starring with actors like Shirley Temple and Joan Crawford.
During the filming of The Wizard of Oz, Terry was nearly killed when one of the witch’s guards accidentally stepped on her, breaking her foot.
She spent two weeks recuperating at Judy Garland’s home, and Garland was reported to have grown quite attached to the dog. She wanted to adopt her, but Terry’s owner refused.
The dog’s salary, $125 per week, was more than many human actors in the film; the Munchkins for example, only received $50 a week for their parts.
Terry/Toto died in 1945 at the age of 12.
Other Totos
The Wizard of Oz was remade many times over the years, always with a Toto.
In Frank Baum’s later Oz books, Toto becomes a Boston Terrier for reasons that are never explained, but then changes back to a terrier in the last books of the series.
In The Muppets’ Wizard of Oz, Toto is played by Pepe the Prawn and in 
the Veggie Tales version, Toto is replaced by a pig named “Tutu.”
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